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Wednesday, June 15, 2016

Installing CentOS 6.5 in VirtualBox

I have just installed CentOS 6.5 (minimal)  in Virtual Box on my Windows 8.1 pc. This is how I installed CentOS. Hope this helps.
[Update: The updated version of this article with screenshots for CentOS 6.7 can be found here.]
Requirements:
  1. CentOS 6.5 32-bit ISO : Download Link (~330 MB)
  2. Virtual Box : Download Link (~110 MB)
  3. Atleast 8 GB of free disk space.
Installation Procedure:
First, thing you need to  do is to set up your Virtual Box. Go ahead download and install Virtual Box (the download link is given above in the requirements).
Press “New“, Type Name as “CentOS 6.5 32 bit” or anything you want. Set the type as “Linux“, Version as “Red Hat 32 bit“. And press “Next”.
create vm
name and type of OS pic
Allocate RAM to 512 MB RAM or higher , then click “Next“.
select ram size pic
Then select the option “Create a virtual hard drive now “, then click on “Create“.
create hd pic
Select hard drive file type as the first option “VDI” , then click on “Next“.
hard disk type: vdi pic
Select type as “Dynamically allocated“. Choose the amount of hard disk space you want to allocate for your CentOS system. Select atleast 8Gb-10GB or higher and then click on “Create“.
VM HD size pic
Now, you would see the home screen of the Oracle Virtual box, Click on the CentOS VM you have created and then click “Start“.
start vm
Then click on the yellow folder icon and select the ISO file that you have downloaded.
Select ISO location
Then click on “Start“.
start boot
Wait for a few seconds and you will see the CentOS boot menu. Now, select the first option “Install or upgrade an existing system“.
Boot menu picture

[Note: To scroll through different options, you can either use the Arrow keys in your keyboard or the TAB key to move through different options . You may also use SPACE bar in your keyboard or ENTER key to make selections]
Now, you will probably get a message box saying “Disk Found” and if you want to verify the contents in the CD. Press “Skip”. If you need, you can press “OK” and verify the contents but it might take a while.
Using your arrow keys, select “Skip” and then hit “Enter“.
Disk check pic
loading screen
Hit “OK“.
CentOS Welcome
Now, select the language and then use the TAB key and then select “Ok” and hit ENTER.
select language
Now, select the model of the keyboardand then select “OK“.
keyboard selection pic
If you get a “Warning Message” such as the one below, just chooseRe-initialize all“.
Re-initialize all picture
Now, select your time zone and then hit “OK“. Then select a password for your “root” (or admin account), you can use TAB keys to reach the next box, and finally select “OK” and hit ENTER.
create root password
Now, select the option “Use entire drive“, and select “OK”.
allocate hard drive picture
Now, select “Write changes to disk” and the installer should start right up.
installation picture
installation progress pic
After, it is done installing , you will see a message saying “Congratulations, your CentOS installation is complete“. Select “Reboot” and hit ENTER.
installation complete -Reboot
Now, it should boot right up.
centos bootup picture
now, type login as: root , Then hit ENTER. Then type the password and hit ENTER. You should see now be able to see the terminal window with the # symbol.
root login pic

And voilà ! You have successfully installed CentOS 6.5 in Virtual Box.
This is a minimal mode CentOS and so many application packages are not installed. You will also have to configure the network to access the internet.
[UPDATE: To configure network in CentOS 6.5 (which is the same as configuring centos 6.3), I have made a detailed guide with screenshots, you can find it here.]
If you have any sort of queries on regarding this installation, just leave a comment and will get back at you. Don’t forget to follow my blog to get future updates!

source: https://extr3metech.wordpress.com/2014/09/04/installing-centos-6-5-in-virtualbox-minimal-screenshots/

Installing Virtual Box in Windows 7

Step 1: Installing Virtual Box in Windows 7

 

 
 
 
beagle4.jpg
Steps to install Virtual Box in Windows 7:

1) Go https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
2) Download Virtual Box (latest version) for Windows hosts x86/amd64
3) "Save As"
4) When done downloading, run the .exe
5) "Run" if Windows pops up a security warning
6) Continue with the installation of VirtualBox with the defaults

This will open VirtualBox at the end of the installation.  Please proceed to step 2.

Tuesday, June 14, 2016

How to Enable EPEL Repository for RHEL/CentOS 7.x/6.x/5.x

This howto guide shows you’ll how to enable EPEL repository under RHEL/CentOS 6/5 to install additional standard open source packages by using YUM command.
Install EPEL Repository in Linux



Install EPEL Repository in Linux
Read Also : Install and Enable RPMForge Repository in RHEL/CentOS 7/6/5/4

What is EPEL

EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) is open source and free community based repository project from Fedora team which provides 100% high quality add-on software packages for Linux distribution including RHEL (Red Hat Enterprise Linux), CentOS, and Scientific Linux. Epel project is not a part of RHEL/Cent OS but it is designed for major Linux distributions by providing lots of open source packages like networking, sys admin, programming, monitoring and so on. Most of the epel packages are maintained by Fedora repo.

Why we use EPEL repository?

  1. Provides lots of open source packages to install via Yum.
  2. Epel repo is 100% open source and free to use.
  3. It does not provide any core duplicate packages and no compatibility issues.
  4. All epel packages are maintained by Fedora repo.

How To Enable EPEL Repository in RHEL/CentOS 7/6/5?

First, you need to download the file using Wget and then install it using RPM on your system to enable the EPEL repository. Use below links based on your Linux OS versions. (Make sure you must be root user).

RHEL/CentOS 7 64 Bit

## RHEL/CentOS 7 64-Bit ##
# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-6.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-7-6.noarch.rpm

RHEL/CentOS 6 32-64 Bit

## RHEL/CentOS 6 32-Bit ##
# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

## RHEL/CentOS 6 64-Bit ##
# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

RHEL/CentOS 5 32-64 Bit

## RHEL/CentOS 5 32-Bit ##
# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

## RHEL/CentOS 5 64-Bit ##
# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/x86_64/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

RHEL/CentOS 4 32-64 Bit

## RHEL/CentOS 4 32-Bit ##
# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/4/i386/epel-release-4-10.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-4-10.noarch.rpm

## RHEL/CentOS 4 64-Bit ##
# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/4/x86_64/epel-release-4-10.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-4-10.noarch.rpm

Friday, June 10, 2016

Using MagicDisc to mount CD/DVD image

Using MagicDisc to mount CD/DVD image
You are here: Tutorials > Using MagicDisc to mount CD/DVD image.

  • Right click MagicDisc trayicon


     
  • Select "Virtual CD/DVD-ROM"


     
  • Select one of virtual CD/DVD drivers. (for examples: K: No Media)
  • Click "Mount"


     
  • Browse and select the CD/DVD image you wish to mount.
  • Click "Ok"

Reference:

Thursday, June 9, 2016

Apache SSL Certificate Installation

SSL Certificate Installation in Apache

If you have not yet created a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) and ordered your certificate, see
OpenSSL CSR Creation for Apache SSL or try our CSR Generator OpenSSL CSR Creation.
Apache Server SSL Certificate Installation
If you are installing an Extended Validation SSL Certificate, use our Apache EV SSL Certificate Installation Instructions. If you are installing any other certificate, follow the instructions below.
  1. Copy the Certificate files to your server.
    Download your Intermediate (DigiCertCA.crt) and Primary Certificate (your_domain_name.crt) files from your Customer Area, then copy them to the directory on your server where you will keep your certificate and key files. Make them readable by root only.
  2. Find the Apache config file to edit.
    The location and name of the config file can vary from server to server - especially if you use a special interface to manage your server configuration.
    Apache's main configuration file is typically named httpd.conf or apache2.conf. Possible locations for this file include /etc/httpd/ or /etc/apache2/. For a comprehensive listing of default installation layouts for Apache HTTPD on various operating systems and distributions, see Httpd Wiki - DistrosDefaultLayout.
    Often, the SSL Certificate configuration is located in a <VirtualHost> block in a different configuration file. The configuration files may be under a directory like /etc/httpd/vhosts.d/, /etc/httpd/sites/, or in a file called httpd-ssl.conf.
    One way to locate the SSL Configuration on Linux distributions is to search using grep, as shown in the example below.
    Type the following command:


    grep -i -r "SSLCertificateFile" /etc/httpd/
    Where "/etc/httpd/" is the base directory for your Apache installation.
  3. Identify the SSL <VirtualHost> block to configure.
    If you need your site to be accessible through both secure (https) and non-secure (http) connections, you will need a virtual host for each type of connection. Make a copy of the existing non-secure virtual host and configure it for SSL as described in step 4.
    If you only need your site to be accessed securely, configure the existing virtual host for SSL as described in step 4.
  4. Configure the <VirtualHost> block for the SSL-enabled site.
    Below is a very simple example of a virtual host configured for SSL. The parts listed in bold are the parts that must be added for SSL configuration:
    <VirtualHost 192.168.0.1:443>
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html2
    ServerName www.yourdomain.com
    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile /path/to/your_domain_name.crt
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /path/to/your_private.key
    SSLCertificateChainFile /path/to/DigiCertCA.crt

    </VirtualHost>
    Adjust the file names to match your certificate files:
    • SSLCertificateFile should be your DigiCert certificate file (eg. your_domain_name.crt).
    • SSLCertificateKeyFile should be the key file generated when you created the CSR.
    • SSLCertificateChainFile should be the DigiCert intermediate certificate file (DigiCertCA.crt) If the SSLCertificateChainFile directive does not work, try using the SSLCACertificateFile directive instead.
  5. Test your Apache config before restarting.
    It is always best to check your Apache config files for any errors before restarting, because Apache will not start again if your config files have syntax errors. Run the following command: (it is apache2ctl on some systems)
    apachectl configtest
  6. Restart Apache.
    You can use apachectl commands to stop and start Apache with SSL support:
    apachectl stop
    apachectl start

OpenSSL CSR Creation for Apache SSL


For other OS/Platform instructions, see SSL Certificate Installation Instructions & Tutorials.
How to generate a CSR for Apache using OpenSSL
Recommended: Save yourself some time by using our new OpenSSL CSR Wizard to create your apache ssl csr. Just fill in the details, click Generate, and paste your customized openssl command into your terminal. 

If you will be using Apache for Mac OS X server 10.5, see our Mac OS X CSR instructions. 

Preview of OpenSSL CSR Wizard

Of course if you prefer to build your own shell commands to generate your apache csr, just follow our old instructions below:
  1. Login to your server via your terminal client (ssh). At the prompt, type:
    openssl CSR generation command
    openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout server.key -out server.csr
    where server is the name of your server.

  2. This begins the process of generating two files: the Private-Key file for the decryption of your SSL Certificate, and a certificate signing request (CSR) file (used to apply for your SSL Certificate) with apache openssl.
    When you are prompted for the Common Name (domain name), enter the fully qualified domain name for the site you are securing. If you are generating an Apache CSR for a Wildcard SSL Certificate your common name should start with an asterisk (such as *.example.com).
    You will then be prompted for your organizational information, beginning with geographic information. There may be default information set already.
    This will then create your openssl .csr file.

  3. Open the CSR file with a text editor and copy and paste it (including the BEGIN and END tags) into the DigiCert Certificate order form.

  4. Save (backup) the generated .key file as it will be required later for Certificate installation.

  5. After you receive your SSL Certificate from DigiCert, you can install it.

Wednesday, May 11, 2016

Setting IP Address di Linux Centos melalui terminal / konsol

Setelah instalasi Server dengan Linux Centos dalam text-mode, hal yang pertama dilakukan biasanya mengkonfigurasi ip address pada ethernet server tersebut agar tentunya server kita dapat terhubung ke jaringan dan dapat berkomunikasi dengan perangkat lainnya.

Untuk setting IP Address di server Linux Centos 6 dalam mode teks, kita dapat melakukannya pada terminal / konsol dengan perintah berikut:

[root@mordor ~]# nano /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0


# Isi File #
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0C:29:8E:6D:D3
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=59552eda-132b-4726-8119-d3a12d30a899
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.1.100
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1


Setelah melakukan konfigurasi, jangan lupa untuk merestart service network dengan perintah:
[root@mordor ~]# service network restart

atau
[root@mordor ~]# /etc/init.d/network restart


Periksa apakah IP Address sudah berubah atau belum, dengan perintah:
[root@mordor ~]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:8E:6D:D3
          inet addr:192.168.1.100  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe8e:6dd3/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:1415 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:302 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:105599 (103.1 KiB)  TX bytes:39334 (38.4 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)


Apabila pada server kita terdapat lebih dari satu ethernet, biasanya terdapat beberapa file konfigurasi yang ditandai dengan jumlah ethernet secara berurutan, dimulai dari eth0. Misalnya apabila server kita memiliki 4 buah ethernet, maka terdapat pula file konfig seperti dibawah: 

/ifcfg-eth0
/ifcfg-eth1
/ifcfg-eth2
/ifcfg-eth3

sehingga untuk melakukan setting IP pada perangkat ethernet yang kedua, misalnya kita ketikkan :
[root@mordor ~]# nano /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1